CNC machine tool has potential for development

CNC equipment is a technology-intensive and knowledge-intensive machine and electricity integration product with advanced technology, complex structure, and high price. To make better use of CNC machine tools, you must have a full understanding of the structure, function and system of CNC machine tools.

With the continuous expansion of the scale of production enterprises and the continuous improvement of the degree of automation of equipment, the number and types of numerical control equipment used in CNC workshops are also increasing. CNC machine tool motion control is usually implemented in two ways: one is controlled by digital information of the CNC system (dedicated computer), that is, "digital control", such as the front, rear, left, and right movement of the CNC machine tool table, The headstock moves up and down, and the amount of rotational movement around a linear axis, etc. These controls are achieved by controlling the servo feed motor using the difference obtained by comparing the calculated theoretical position with the actual feedback position. The core of this kind of control is to ensure that the contour of the machined part is realized, that is, in addition to point processing, the movement moment of each axis must maintain a strict proportional relationship; the other is in the CNC machine tool running process, with the CNC system internal and The conditions of the switch signals, sensors, buttons, relays, etc., on the machine tool are the conditions, and according to a predetermined logic sequence, such as spindle start and stop, reversal, tool replacement, workpiece clamping, and loosening. Hydraulic, cooling, lubrication system operation control. The control of this type of action is mainly the sequential control of the binary signal, which is generally accomplished by the PLC.

PLC is a programmable controller. The PLC used on CNC machine tools is also called PMC. It has the following advantages: Fast response. High control accuracy, good reliability, control program can be changed with different applications, and the interface with the computer and easy maintenance. In general, PLC programs used on CNC machine tools include system programs and user programs. The system program includes monitoring program, compiler program and diagnostic program, etc., provided by the PLC manufacturer, and solidified in the EPROM, the user can not directly access, and does not require user intervention. The profit user program is an application program compiled by PLC program language according to the needs of on-site control to implement various control requirements. The commonly used PLC programming languages ​​mainly include trapezoidal frames, statement tables, and function block diagrams.

“The machine tool industry began to experience recession after maintaining rapid growth in recent years, in which the influence of ordinary machine tools was particularly obvious, inventory began to increase, and the impact of CNC machine tools was slightly less, thus reshuffling the industry. The development of high-end digitalization of the products brings huge plc and motion controller/card requirements.” Analyst Luo Baihui believes that the direction of future machine tools is numerical control and progressive high-end. These machines all need to use a large number of plc and motion controllers/ Card to gradually replace the relay or mechanical control, so that the overall performance of the machine is improved, in the long run, plc and motion controller / card in the machine tool industry applications still have great potential.