Controlling the Fuel Consumption of Heavy-Duty Trucks and Passenger Cars
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The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued a notice on June 1 and publicly solicited opinions on the "measurement method for fuel consumption of medium and heavy commercial vehicles." The manager of the standard centralized management unit, the Deputy Chief Engineer of the National Automotive Standardization Committee, told reporters that they are collecting feedback and they will be unified after the deadline of July 15.
This method is the basis for China to establish the fuel consumption limits for heavy-duty trucks and passenger cars, and it will provide a rule for testing and comparing the fuel consumption of medium and heavy-duty commercial vehicles.
â– Accelerated introduction of standards for policy environment requirements
With the continuous increase of car ownership, the proportion of fuel consumption of automobiles in China’s total oil consumption has rapidly increased, becoming the main body of China’s new oil consumption. The resulting energy and environmental problems have become increasingly prominent and have affected The sustainable development of China's auto and related industries. In recent years, with the development of road transport, the number of commercial vehicles in China has continued to grow. Due to the relative lag in technology, the energy consumption of medium- and heavy-duty commercial vehicles has become increasingly apparent, and there is a large gap between the fuel economy and the international advanced level.
The fuel cost of a heavy truck can account for more than 25% of the total operating cost, and the fuel cost has become an important factor affecting the decision-making on the purchase of cars. Moreover, due to factors such as the use of the environment, the fuel consumption of heavy trucks of the same type is very different.
In 2006, the National Development and Reform Commission issued the "Circular on Industrial Structure Adjustment Opinions" and required "the introduction of a large-scale commercial vehicle fuel consumption limit standard as soon as possible." In 2008, the State Council, in its "Notice on Further Strengthening Fuel-Efficiency and Electricity-Saving Work," called for the improvement of fuel economy standards and the introduction of a standard for fuel consumption limits for heavy-duty commercial vehicles.
According to the requirements and deployment of relevant government departments, improving the technical level of heavy-duty commercial vehicles and improving their fuel economy has become one of the focuses of China's automobile energy-saving work. According to some experts, the current national policy environment for energy conservation and emission reduction will accelerate the introduction of fuel consumption standards for medium and heavy commercial vehicles.
â– Establish the basis for determining the fuel consumption limit of medium- and heavy-duty commercial vehicles
According to Kim Joff, from 2001 onwards, China has successively formulated and implemented two mandatory national standards, namely, “Limits on Fuel Consumption of Passenger Vehicles†and “Limits on Fuel Consumption of Light Commercial Vehicles,†in terms of energy saving and consumption reduction. Has achieved remarkable results. 
Jin Yufu further explained that compared with passenger cars and light vehicles, there are many types of medium-heavy vehicles. Only large-scale vehicles are divided into trucks, dump trucks, and tractors. There are many varieties of each type. The models of medium- and heavy-duty truck companies are also different. Fuel consumption limits involve the vital interests of each company. Enterprises always tend to adopt measurement methods that are beneficial to them. Therefore, it is difficult to find solutions that everyone can accept.
An industry source told reporters that based on the current investigation and research conditions and basis, it is necessary to do a lot of work to grasp the actual operating conditions of commercial vehicles. Different operating conditions, the vehicle's fuel consumption will be very different.
According to Kim Joff, China began to prepare for the development of fuel consumption limits for medium- and heavy-duty commercial vehicles five years ago. Since there is no relevant data on the status of commercial vehicles, before the hands-on development of standards, the relevant departments first organize the distribution of the mileage of urban passenger vehicles, intercity buses, trucks, and tractors in urban areas, highways, and highways. Conduct investigations to determine the proportion of urban, highway, and high-speed operating conditions, so as to adapt it to China's road transportation conditions and the technical characteristics of vehicles.
â– Two measurement methods to take into account costs and results
For the selection of fuel consumption measurement methods for medium- and heavy-duty commercial vehicles, Jinuoff explained that the road test has lower requirements on equipment and the test is simple and easy to use. It can be used for relatively simple isometric tests, but it is vulnerable to road conditions and The influence of the testers was poor and their repeatability was poor. Drum test can simulate a variety of complex road test conditions, test data is reliable, repeatability is good, but large drums are more expensive, especially vehicle load, sliding resistance settings have a greater impact on the results. Based on the engine test, the simulation test method can simulate and measure the fuel consumption of the vehicle under various working conditions on a computer, and has the advantages of reliable data and good repeatability, and the cost is also low. In addition, vehicle load and coasting resistance settings have a large impact on the results.
Jin Yoff said that after comprehensive analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the above three kinds of test schemes, the standard setter determined that the drum test and the simulation test should be conducted concurrently. At the same time, two test schemes, the chassis dynamometer method and the simulation calculation method, were proposed. For basic vehicles, chassis dynamometer method should be used to determine the fuel consumption; for variant vehicles, vehicle manufacturers can choose to use simulation or chassis dynamometer method to determine fuel consumption.