Preparation and classification of titanium slag

Although titanium iron ore can be directly used in the production of titanium dioxide, but its low-grade TiO 2, iron and other impurities, no guarantee of product quality, waste volume, serious environmental pollution. With the increasingly strict environmental protection requirements, regardless of the chlorination process or the titanium dioxide production of the sulfuric acid process, the requirements for titanium raw materials tend to be highly graded. By enriching the ilmenite into titanium slag, more impurities can be separated from the ore to obtain a titanium-rich material with a higher TiO 2 grade, which can be improved by using it for titanium dioxide production. The quality of the product and the reduction of environmental pollution caused by the three wastes.
Using ferrotitanium and a reducing agent, in a special electric furnace different from the ore furnace and the electric arc furnace, heating to 1600~1800 °C, high temperature melting, so that the iron oxide in the ilmenite is reduced to metallic iron to become molten pig iron flowing out of the separating and removing most of the iron; ilmenite, titanium slag i.e., into the vessel and become slag. The schematic flow chart of ilmenite reduction and smelting arc and the process of producing high-titanium slag in open electric furnace are shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, respectively.
The advantages of electric furnace smelting titanium slag are as follows: 1 The process is short; 2 After the desulfurization and deoxidation of the by-product hot metal, the iron content is 98.5%, which can be used for the production of malleable iron or powder metallurgy iron powder; 3 does not produce solid and liquid waste, less waste; ④ coal furnace gas recycled; ⑤ factory small footprint, an efficient method of preparing a titanium-rich material to.
In foreign countries, smelting with a TiO 2 content of >70% is generally referred to as titanium slag. Titanium slag has high titanium slag and low titanium slag. Generally, titanium slag having a TiO 2 content of <80% is referred to as low-titanium slag, and low-titanium slag is easily dissolved by sulfuric acid and is referred to as acid-soluble titanium slag. The basic requirements of acid-soluble titanium slag are as follows: 1 has good acid solubility, generally acid solution rate ≥ 94%; 2 has appropriate amount of co-solvent FeO and MgO, so that titanium slag has good acid hydrolysis reaction performance; Titanium content should be controlled in an appropriate amount; 4 harmful impurities (especially sulfur, phosphorus , chromium , vanadium ) in the production of titanium dioxide should not exceed the standard. The titanium slag with TiO 2 content ≥90% is called high titanium slag, referred to as UGS.
The quality standards for high titanium slag in China are shown in the table below.
China High Titanium Slag Quality Standard (ZBH31001-87)
grade
Chemical composition (mass fraction) /%
ΣTiO 2
ΣFe
CaO+MgO
MnO 2
First grade
Second grade product
Third grade
≥94.0
≤3.0
≤1.0
≤4.5
≥92.0
≤4.0
≤1.5
≤4.5
≥80
≤5.0
≤11
≤4.5
Since the high-titanium slag has less impurities, less waste by-products are generated during chlorination, and it is mostly used for chlorination titanium white production. As long as the acid solubility is good, both low titanium slag and high titanium slag can be used for the production of titanium sulfate by sulfuric acid.

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