Grassland Ecology Test Inner Mongolia Petrochemical Industry
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At present, Inner Mongolia has mapped out the grand blueprint of the petrochemical industry: During the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†period, relying on the abundant local resources such as coal and mineral resources, we will adjust the structure and transfer methods, and develop large-scale, high-starting modern chemical industries. Based on the basic chemical raw materials, the coal-electricity-coal oil-to-coal process will gradually form a deep processing of coal-based oil by-products, coal-to- methanol-methanol fuel-methanol downstream products and fine chemicals, coal-electricity-carbide and its downstream products, Coal coking - co-produced chemical products - deep processing of coal tar and its fine chemicals, coal - electricity - salt - caustic soda - chlorine - PVC and its downstream processing, as well as closure of new chemical materials such as fine chemicals, organic silicon and fluorine chemicals Chains and industrial clusters.
In response, Prof. Hu Jianwei, a chemical environmental protection expert at Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, said: “According to the current situation, the funds, project technology and equipment, land, coal, and mineral resources involved in the development of the “Twelfth Five-year†petrochemical industry are not problems, and the most crucial point is that How to solve the environmental protection problem."
Hu Jianwei's analysis believes that first of all, the contradiction of water shortage becomes more prominent. There is a relative shortage of water resources in Inner Mongolia, and the utilization rate of water resources is very low. Large-scale construction of petrochemical projects in water-scarce areas will break the fragile balance of water resources in the region. At the same time, groundwater is the primary factor of ecological environment protection. The exploitation of groundwater resources will easily lead to the destruction of the ecological environment. At present, the Ordos, Baotou, and Alxa League have already experienced bottlenecks in the petrochemical industry because of the shortage of water resources.
Second, pollutant discharge will accelerate the deterioration of grassland ecology. At present, the new coal chemical industry developed in Inner Mongolia, where pollution control technology lags behind the status quo of production technology and equipment technology, many discharge of industrial wastewater to achieve "zero emissions" is more difficult. There are also a large number of solid wastes, which mainly include various slags produced in the coal gasification process, spent catalysts, and sludge generated during the sewage treatment process. According to the existing technologies, they cannot be recycled in time. Emissions of pollutants from the petrochemical industry pose a serious threat to the ecology of the grasslands.
Once again, the pressure of CO2 emission reduction will increase significantly. According to the plan, if Inner Mongolia eventually builds a project with 10 million tons of scale oil, the annual carbon dioxide emission will be as high as 29.3 million tons. At present, the carbon dioxide capture and transformation economy and technology are not yet mature. The problem of carbon dioxide emission will largely restrict the development of petrochemical industry in Inner Mongolia, especially the rapid development of new coal chemical industry. At present, Shenhua Coal-to-oil Company is constructing China's first CO2 capture and storage demonstration project for coal chemical industry in Ordos, but the processing capacity of the demonstration project is only to treat 100,000 tons of carbon dioxide annually.
Therefore, how Inner Mongolia's "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" petrochemical industry responded to the "Environmental Protection" of eco-environmental protection and achieved rapid and good development has become the focus of current industry hot debate.
According to Jia Zhihong, an expert from the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Development and Reform Commission, Inner Mongolia’s petrochemical industry projects are mostly planned in coal resource rich areas where the ecological environment has deteriorated. Once the ecological environment exceeds its carrying capacity, it will be difficult to recover.
Jia Zhihong and Hu Jianwei also suggested that the development of the petrochemical industry in the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†in Inner Mongolia should be based on the principle of maintaining the unity of ecological benefits and economic benefits, and a unified overall layout of planned construction projects and reserved projects. At the same time, it is forbidden to squeeze domestic water and agricultural water, and ensure ecological water use; adopt technologies with high water-resource utilization rate and good water-saving effect; must have comprehensive treatment plans for pollutants, coal mining subsidence areas and ecological environment generated during the production process. There is financial protection.
"The 12th Five-Year Plan for Petrochemical Industry Planning for Ecological Environmental Protection is a key consideration." The relevant person in charge of the Environmental Protection Department of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, the Autonomous Region Economic and Information Technology Commission and the National Development and Reform Commission said. They believe that Inner Mongolia will use the water in the development of the petrochemical industry, and pay attention to the matching of coal and water resources, and eliminate the blind development of the coal chemical industry in water-scarce areas. At the same time encourage the use of advanced technology, clean production and recycling economy concepts, improve the utilization of coal and by-products, reduce the production process of pollutant emissions. We must also pay full attention to the research and development of weak and weak boards for supporting pollution control technologies, and strive to achieve the simultaneous development of pollution control technologies and production technologies.
According to relevant sources, at present, Inner Mongolia is in full swing formulating the “12th Five-Year†ecological protection industry policy that is in line with the development of the petrochemical industry, including the following: new production devices must adopt advanced domestic and foreign applicable technologies, and support water-saving and energy-saving construction. Environmental protection facilities, water recycling rate of more than 90%; increase petrochemical project investment in the early stage, strengthen scientific argumentation, chemical projects should be selected in the area of ​​water resources can fully guarantee the construction; encourage project owners to invest in construction of water saving renovation project in the Yellow River irrigation area , Adhere to the principle of water resources protection and rational development and utilization, and take the use of water, surface water, and groundwater “Sanshui†in parallel, and strive to increase the carrying capacity of water resources; formulate limits for the discharge of petrochemical product wastewater, and guide and encourage enterprises to adopt advanced applications. The water-saving process technology strongly promotes the recycling of water and mine water, promotes the recycling of wastewater, and limits the application of high-water-consuming processes and equipment.