SEPA: EIA will serve as an important means of economic management

Zhou Shengxian, the former director of China's State Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA), emphasized during the China-Italy Environment Week that significant efforts are being made to improve the country’s environmental conditions across five key areas. These initiatives aim to address long-standing challenges and align China’s development with sustainable practices. First, there is a strong emphasis on strictly implementing environmental impact assessments (EIAs). According to Zhou, EIAs should be treated as a critical tool for economic planning and decision-making, ensuring that environmental considerations are integrated from the outset of any project. Second, controlling total pollutant emissions is a top priority. This involves phasing out outdated production methods, promoting pollution control projects, and encouraging cleaner production techniques. Additionally, measures such as deadline management, sewage charges, and discharge permits are being strengthened to effectively reduce overall pollution levels. Third, a comprehensive approach is being adopted to tackle environmental issues. This includes gradually increasing the standards for industrial waste discharge, creating incentives for companies to adopt eco-friendly practices, and imposing restrictions on those that fail to meet environmental targets. Fourth, the implementation of an environmental responsibility system is underway. By 2010, the government aimed to cut chemical oxygen demand (COD) and sulfur dioxide (SO₂) emissions by 10% compared to the end of the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period. This target is binding and must be achieved during the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" era. Lastly, international cooperation in environmental protection is being actively promoted. Zhou highlighted the importance of global partnerships in addressing shared environmental challenges. To further enhance environmental governance, the Chinese government is accelerating three major transitions. First, it is shifting from prioritizing economic growth at the expense of the environment to balancing both. Second, it is moving from a situation where environmental protection lags behind economic development to one where both progress hand in hand. Third, it is transitioning from relying mainly on administrative controls to using a combination of legal, economic, technological, and administrative tools to solve environmental problems. Zhou concluded that these five key measures will play a crucial role in driving the necessary changes and ensuring a more sustainable future for China.

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