Technical Articles: Water ring vacuum pump working principle introduction

A water ring pump operates by creating a rotating water ring inside the pump casing. As the impeller rotates, the water ring forms a crescent-shaped space between the impeller and the pump housing. On the right side of this crescent-shaped area, the volume gradually increases, forming the suction chamber where gas is drawn in through the intake pipe. As the rotor continues to turn, the left side of the crescent-shaped space decreases in volume, leading to the compression process—essentially acting as the exhaust chamber. The gas that enters the suction chamber gets compressed as the rotor rotates further and is then expelled through the exhaust port and into the exhaust pipe. The exhaust gases, along with small water droplets, flow into a collection tank. Here, the gas separates from the water. The purified gas is then directed through the gas pipeline to the atmosphere, while the water either returns to the pump or is discharged through a drainage pipe. This continuous cycle ensures the pump maintains its efficiency and performance. The compression ratio of a water ring pump is determined by the position of the suction port and the exhaust port. The location of the suction port defines the initial volume of gas drawn into the pump, while the position of the exhaust port determines how much gas is compressed before being released. For a pre-designed water ring pump, this compression ratio can be calculated and optimized for specific applications, ensuring efficient operation under various conditions.

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