The best-selling world FANUC 0 series CNC system

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1. High Reliability of the System In 1985, FANUC Corporation from Japan introduced the FS-0 system, which quickly became one of the most successful numerical control systems in the world. Over 330,000 units have been sold globally, and its widespread adoption is largely due to its exceptional reliability. The FS-0 was designed with a focus on long-term operation without failure, making it ideal for industrial environments where continuous performance is critical. Numerical control (NC) systems are essential for machine tools, and their reliability directly impacts production efficiency. Unlike consumer electronics, NC systems must withstand harsh conditions such as temperature fluctuations, humidity, and vibrations. The FS-0 was engineered to meet these challenges, operating reliably in environments ranging from 0°C to 45°C with humidity up to 95% for short periods. It can handle vibrations up to 0.5g and voltage fluctuations between -15% and +10%. Its low failure rate—only 0.008 times per month—translates to an average of 100,000 hours between failures, showcasing its durability. The high reliability of the FS-0 comes from rigorous component selection, advanced manufacturing techniques, and the use of dedicated integrated circuits. It also benefits from accumulated software experience from earlier models like FS-5, FS-6, and FS-7. Additionally, the integration of AC digital servo and spindle drive systems, along with fully automated manufacturing, further enhances its dependability.

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Figure 1 FS-0 system hardware block diagram

2. Hardware Structure The FS-0 system features a modular hardware design, consisting of key components such as the main board, memory board, I/O board, servo axis control board, and power supply. Additional options include a graphic control board, remote buffer board, and PMC-M board. The main CPU is mounted on the main board, initially using an 80386 processor, later upgraded to an 80486/DX2 in 1998. The CRT display control circuit is also integrated into the main board. The memory board contains system control software ROMs, servo control software ROMs, PMC-L ROMs, RAM for intermediate calculations, and MOS RAM for part programs. The I/O board serves as the interface between the CNC unit and the machine tool. The servo axis control board uses two TMS320 DSPs per board to control up to four axes. The power supply includes +5V and +24V outputs. Table 1: Application Models - Machining Centers, Drilling Machines, Milling Machines (0-MC) - Lathes, Automatic Lathes (0-TC) - Single Spindle Double Tool Holders, Two Spindle Double Tool Holders, Four Axis Lathes (0-TTC) - Internal and External Cylindrical Grinders (0-GCG) - Surface Grinders (0-GSC) - Rotary Head Punch (0-PC) Table 2: Minimum Input Increment, Maximum Cutting Speed, Rapid Moving Speed - 1μm, 100m/min, 100m/min - 0.1μm, 12m/min, 24m/min 3. Full-featured CNC System and System Features The FS-0C is a comprehensive CNC system suitable for various machine tools. It supports up to 6 controlled axes and 4 linked axes. Its features include: - **High Reliability Hardware**: Utilizes dedicated LSI chips and surface mounting technology to reduce size and improve reliability. - **High-Efficiency Machining**: Employs high-speed microprocessors and enhanced PMC processing capabilities. - **High-Precision Machining**: Compensates for mechanical errors through stored pitch error compensation and automatically adjusts feedrate during corner machining. - **High-Speed Machining**: Achieved via multi-CPU distributed processing. - **High-Precision Digital Servo System**: Uses high-resolution position detectors and software-based servo control. - **Abundant Control Functions**: Includes tool life management, polar coordinate interpolation, and custom user macros. - **Powerful Communication Function**: Adds high-speed serial transmission for DNC operations.

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Figure 2 Popularization of FS-0 System

4. Popularization of FS-0 System While the full-featured FS-0C is widely used, some users prefer a more cost-effective option without sacrificing reliability. To address this, FANUC developed the FS-0D, which maintains the reliability of the original system while offering reduced functionality. This system is divided into two software packages, catering to different machine tool requirements. FS-0TD controls up to 4 axes and is ideal for lathes, while FS-0MD supports 4 axes and is suitable for milling machines and machining centers. With excellent reliability, performance, and affordability, the FS-0D series has gained widespread popularity across various industries. Table 3: Application Model - Lathe: FS-0TD - Milling Machine and Small-scale Machining Center: FS-0MD - Cylindrical Grinding Machine: FS-0GCD - Surface Grinding Machine: FS-0GSD - Punching Machine: FS-0PD 5. Different-grade AC Servo Motor FANUC offers a range of AC servo and spindle motors, including economical options like the B-series and C-series. These motors are built to international standards, featuring IP55 and IP54 sealing ratings. They use high-performance pulse encoders and DSP-based control for precise operation. The FS-0 system can control two spindle motors simultaneously, supporting both digital and analog drives. It offers speed and position control modes, ensuring reliable and efficient performance in various applications. 6. Convenient Maintenance Function The FS-0 system allows users to set and adjust servo and spindle parameters through the CRT display. It also provides error displays for machining programs and ladder diagrams, helping users diagnose issues quickly and efficiently. This feature significantly simplifies maintenance and improves system uptime.

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